Paper Title
Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Tin (SN) in Gray Cast Iron to Impact Strength Hardness and Microstructure
Abstract
Alloy elements such as copper, chromium and tin are used in order to prevent some disadvantages of the gray cast
irons in recent years. Copper is one of the most used one among them. It is known that copper increase both hardness and
tensile strength by increasing perlite ratio in microstructure. Tin on the other hand has similar effects on some mechanical
properties of gray cast iron even though the amount is used sparingly. The effects of tin (Sn) on mechanical properties and
microstructure of gray cast iron are investigated by adding five different ratios of tin (0.03%, 0.06%, 0.09%, 0.12%, 0.15%).
The samples are compared to two reference samples with different chemical compositions. 0.4 % copper (Cu) was added to
one of the reference samples. The other reference sample was left without any alloy element additions. Samples were prepared
for impact experiments according to dimensions given in ASTM E-23 standard and they were used in Charpy impact test. After
impact tests were done, samples were collected and they were examined in respect of microstructure and hardness for their
comparison to each other. The highest impact strength value was achieved on the sample that does not have any copper or tin
alloys in it as 4.49 J according to the impact test results. The lowest impact strength, on the other hand, was measured as 3.55
J on the sample that contains 0.09% Sn. The impact strength of the 0.4% Cu alloy sample was measured as 4.37 J. The highest
hardness value according to the Brinell Hardness Test was measured as 177 HB for the 0.12 tin (Sn) sample. The lowest
hardness value was measured as 145 HB for the sample that does not have any Cu or Sn alloys in it. The sample with only
copper alloy has a hardness value of 157 HB. Additionally, the lamella type of the samples was detected to be A3 and A4 and
the highest perlite ratio was observed in the sample that contains 0.12% tin alloy. The lowest perlite ratio is seen in the sample
that does not contain Sn and Cu.
Index Terms - Brinell Hardness, Gray Cast Iron, Impact Strength, Microstructure, Tin (Sn),