Paper Title
Benzylation of P-Octyl Phenol Ethoxylates Via Etherification With Benzyl Alcohol and Via Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction with Benzyl Chloride: A Comparative Study of Reaction and Its Outcome

Abstract
This research paper focuses on modification of ethoxylates of p-octyl phenol with the aim of enhancing their physical properties, such as alkali stability, viscosity, and hydrophobicity. The ethoxylates initially possess hydrophilic properties, and the goal is to improve their functionality, including dispersion ability, heat stability, and stability under different environmental conditions in various formulations like paints, liquid gel dishwasher, and liquid detergent, among others. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the reaction conditions, reaction parameters, and the resulting products' output, as well as the changes observed in the physical properties of the synthesized product through two different methods: benzylation via etherification with an acidic catalyst, and benzylation via nucleophilic substitution reaction involving the formation of alkoxide with sodium hydroxide and subsequent reaction with benzyl chloride. Additionally, the paper includes a tabular presentation of physical and chemical properties data and graphical representations showcasing the changes in cloud point, hydroxyl value, and molecular weight following the reaction of the same ethoxylates of p-octyl phenol. Keywords - P-Octyl Phenol Ethoxylates, Benzylation, Etherification, Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction.